Prostate Cancer Symptoms, Causes and Screening | AMO

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Prostate cancer Information
Prostate cancer Information

As one of the most common cancers among men, prostate cancer is the most prevalent cancer of male reproductive system. Patients with prostate cancer are mostly elders and some are unaware that they have prostate cancer till their death. Europe and the United States have a higher incidence rate than Asia. Autopsy results show that 30% of males aged over 50 have prostate cancer cells and the percentage is up to 80% in males aged over 70. However, most prostate cancers are benign and are easier to treat in comparison with other cancers.

Prostate cancer
Prostate cancer symptoms
Prostate cancer
  • Difficulty urinating and frequent urination
  • Feeling pain during or blood in urination or ejaculation
  • Loss of appetite
  • Persistent pain in waist, pelvis or thigh
Prostate cancer risk factors
Prostate cancer risk factors
  • Male elders, especially those aged over 65
  • Family history of prostate cancer
  • Higher prevalence among westerners than Asians
  • Lack of physical activity for a long time
Prostate cancer
Diagnosis
  • Digital rectal examination
  • Prostate-specific antigen blood test
  • Rectum ultrasound examination
  • Biopsy
  • Endoscopy
Treatment

Doctors will decide on relevant therapeutic regimens according to the following conditions:

  • Scope affected by the tumor
  • Prostate-specific antigen index
Reference
  • Steinberg GD; Carter BS; Beaty TH; Childs B; Walsh PC. Family history and the risk of prostate cancer. Prostate. 1990;17(4):337-47.
  • 癌症基金會, 前列腺癌, http://www.cancer-fund.org/tc/prostate-cancer.html
  • 香港防癌會, 前列腺癌, https://www.hkacs.org.hk/ufiles/ProstateCancer.pdf